PHP Tutorial for Beginners

What is PHP?

The acronym PHP initially stood for Personal Home Page. 

As of version 3, it stands for PHP Hypertext Preprocessor. It is a general purpose server side scripting language that is used to develop:

• Dynamic Websites
• Custom Web Portal (Like ERP, CRM)
• Web Applications
• E-commerce Websites (Like Flipkart, Amazon, Paytm, Snapdeal etc)
• CMS – Content Management System

Importance of  PHP?

• It costs low with cost effective database applications
• It is platform independent
• PHP supports all major web servers
• The existence of multiple security layers make PHP one of the most secure options for developing the most critical websites and web applications.
• PHP supports a wide array of databases including dataBase, MySQL etc.

History of PHP

• Designed by Rasmus Lerdorf
• Developer The PHP Development Team, Zend Technologies
• First appeared June 8, 1995; 21 years ago
• Stable release 7.1.0/ December 1, 2016

Basic Structure of PHP

<?php
//your code here
?>

Example:

<!doctype html>
 <html>
 <head><title>Hello World Script</title></head>
  <body>
  <?php
     echo "<p>Hello World!</p>";
   ?>
  </body>
 </html>

Printing statement in PHP

If you want to print/echo some string/variable or number in php

<?php 

$variable = "your string"; //

echo $variable; //

?>

File Extension of PHP

• PHP files have the file extension .php

Comment Line in PHP

• Single Line Comments

Single line comments start with //.

Any text between // and the end of the line will be ignored by PHP(will not be executed).

Example

echo 'This is a test'; // This is a one-line c++ style comment

• Multi-line Comments

Multi-line comments start with /* and end with */.

Any text between /* and */ will be ignored by PHP.

Example

/* This is a multi line comment

          yet another line of comment */

/*  echo 'This is yet another test';

     echo 'Hi'; */

    echo 'One Final Test'; # This is a one-line shell-style comment

Variable Declaration

In PHP, a variable starts with the $ sign, followed by the name of the variable:

Example

<?php

$Vraiable_name = "Hello world!";

$x = 5;

$y = 10.5;

?>

A variable can have a short name (like x and y) or a more descriptive name (age, car name, total_volume).

Rules for PHP variables:

• A variable starts with the $ sign, followed by the name of the variable
• A variable name must start with a letter or the underscore character
• A variable name cannot start with a number
• A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and underscores (A-z, 0-9, and _ )
• Variable names are case-sensitive ($age and $AGE are two different variables)

Silicone Rubber Bottle Cleaning Brush with Long Handle, Multipurpose Water Bottle Cleaner, Kitchen Utensil & Glass Cleaning Brush – 1 Pc

₹49.00 (as of November 10, 2026 01:36 GMT +05:30 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)

Pampers Active Baby Tape Style Baby Diapers, Newborn/Extra Small (NB/XS) Size, 72 Count, Adjustable Fit with 5 star skin protection, Up to 5kg Diapers

(44568513)

₹1,009.00 (as of November 10, 2026 01:36 GMT +05:30 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)

Huggies Complete Comfort Wonder Pants | Pant Style Baby Diapers Large Size (L), 64 Count | India's Fastest Absorbing Diaper, Prevents Diaper Rash, Ideal for 9 to 14 Kgs

(425216468)

₹693.00 (as of November 10, 2026 01:36 GMT +05:30 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)

StarAndDaisy Baby Walker/Multipurpose Push Walker for 0-24 Months- (Yellow)

(395727)

₹998.00 (as of November 10, 2026 01:36 GMT +05:30 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)

1st Step Socket Protectors for Baby & Kids | Pack Of 12 (6 A X 9 pcs And 16 A X 3 pcs) | Child Safety Proof Electrical Socket Covers for Switch Board| Easy to Install & Remove | Dummy Plug Cover Guards for Kids Safety |Baby Proofing Safety Accessories

(50513)

Now retrieving the price.

(as of November 10, 2026 01:36 GMT +05:30 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)

Himalaya Gentle Baby Powder 400g | No.1 Baby Powder brand | 99% NOI | Keeps baby's skin smooth & dry with natural goodness|Olive Oil, Almond Oil & Yashad Bhasma|No.1 Dr. Recommended Brand

(44556745)

₹199.00 (as of November 10, 2026 01:36 GMT +05:30 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)

Himalaya Gentle Baby Wash 400ml | No tears formula |with chickpea and Green gram| Cleansing baby's gentle skin

(43541974)

₹229.00 (as of November 10, 2026 01:36 GMT +05:30 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)

KORX Foldable Baby Mosquito Net for Bed, 0-36 Months (White Grey) | Pop-Up Portable Design, Ruffled Border, Bottomless Net, 0-36 Months, For Newborns & Infants

(50510)

₹398.00 (as of November 10, 2026 01:36 GMT +05:30 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)

HANUSH 100% Organic Muslin Cotton Baby Bath Towel (Pack of 3) | 75 * 75 cm | Newborn Swaddle Wrap | Highly Absorbent Ultrasoft Breathable Lightweight Towels for Infants, Toddlers, Boys & Girls

(45530)

₹449.00 (as of November 10, 2026 01:36 GMT +05:30 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)

Mini Magnetic WiFi Security Camera with 1080P Video for kids | Compact Magnetic Design | 1080P HD Video | Night Vision

₹499.00 (as of November 10, 2026 01:36 GMT +05:30 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)

FUR JADEN Anti Theft Number Lock Backpack Bag with 15.6 Inch Laptop Compartment, USB Charging Port & Organizer Pocket for Men Women Boys Girls

(40517101)

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Ambrane Unbreakable 3A Fast Charging 1.5m Braided Type C Cable for Smartphones, Tablets & other Type C devices, 480Mbps Data Sync, Quick Charge 3.0 (RCT15A, Black)

(40539095)

₹129.00 (as of November 10, 2026 01:35 GMT +05:30 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)

boAt Type C to C 65W Fast Charging Cable with 480 Mbps Data Transfer, Tangle-Free Cable in Premium Nylon Braided Design (Martian Red)

(3951858)

₹149.00 (as of November 10, 2026 01:35 GMT +05:30 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)

Dyazo 6 Angles Adjustable Aluminum Ergonomic Foldable Portable Tabletop Laptop/Desktop Riser Stand Holder Compatible for MacBook, HP, Dell, Lenovo & All Other Notebook (Silver)

(42521043)

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ProElite Smart Case for iPad (A16) 11th/10th Generation (2025/2022) [Auto Sleep/Wake Cover] [Pencil Holder] [Soft Flexible Case] Recoil Series for Apple iPad 10th/11th Gen - Dark Blue

(4455829)

₹445.00 (as of November 10, 2026 01:35 GMT +05:30 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)